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  • Title: High cervical intravagal hypercellular parathyroid gland as the etiology of severe persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.
    Author: Buell JF, Fraker DL, Doppman JL, Shawker TH, Skarulis MC, Spiegel AM, Marx SJ, Alexander HR.
    Journal: Am Surg; 1995 Nov; 61(11):943-6. PubMed ID: 7486421.
    Abstract:
    The preoperative localization and operative management of a high cervical intravagal parathyroid adenoma in a young woman with severe persistent primary hyperparathyroidism is presented. The etiology of persistent hyperparathyroidism is most frequently a missed adenoma that is often in an ectopic location; of these, undescended adenomas represent a small but important proportion. If clinical suspicion and preoperative localization procedures suggest an undescended gland, a direct surgical approach using a high cervical incision and a unilateral exploration is often successful.
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