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  • Title: The effects of chewing frequency and duration of gum chewing on salivary flow rate and sucrose concentration.
    Author: Dong C, Puckett AD, Dawes C.
    Journal: Arch Oral Biol; 1995 Jul; 40(7):585-8. PubMed ID: 7503931.
    Abstract:
    On ten separate occasions, unstimulated saliva was collected from 12 adults and then eight samples of saliva over a 20-min period while chewing, in random order, 3 g of either Wrigley's Spearmint chewing-gum or gum-base at frequencies of 35, 50, 70, 90, or 130 chews/min. With both stimuli, flow rates peaked in the first minute of stimulation and then fell with time. A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that for both the gum and the gum-base, flow rates were independent of chewing frequency, except during the first minute with the chewing-gum. The gum elicited a significantly higher flow rate over the first 4 min of chewing, while the base elicited a significantly higher flow rate over the 8-20-min period of chewing. The sucrose concentration in saliva was also independent of chewing frequency. The salivary sucrose concentration peaked during the second minute of chewing (mean +/- SE = 424.7 +/- 20.0 mM) and the concentration then fell progressively with time. However, sucrose was still being released into saliva during the 15-20 min period of chewing (12.6 +/- 0.8 mM). Gum-base which had been chewed without access to saliva was softer than unchewed base but showed no change in filler content or a reduction in the average molecular weight. The decrease in hardness of the chewed gum-base may have resulted from improved mixing of heterogeneous phases and increased dispersion of plasticizing agents.
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