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  • Title: Neuropeptides in the human penis: an immunohistochemical study.
    Author: Hauser-Kronberger C, Hacker GW, Graf AH, Mack D, Sundler F, Dietze O, Frick J.
    Journal: J Androl; 1994; 15(6):510-20. PubMed ID: 7536724.
    Abstract:
    In the present study, the distribution of neuropeptides in the human penis is demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC screening detected a complex network of nerve fibers containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), peptide histidine-methionine (PHM), prepro-VIP (111-122), neuropeptide Y (NPY), C-flanking peptide of NPY (C-PON), calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and galanin immunoreactivities. Special attention was also given to the recently isolated, VIP-related lizard peptide helospectin, which could also be detected in neuronal elements in the penis. Colocalization studies showed the coexistence of VIP, PHM, and partly helospectin, and of NPY with C-PON within nerve fibers in the cavernous and spongious body, the glans penis, and the urethra.
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