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  • Title: Defibrillator patch electrode constriction: an underrecognized entity.
    Author: Barrington WW, Deligonul U, Easley AR, Windle JR.
    Journal: Ann Thorac Surg; 1995 Oct; 60(4):1112-5; discussion 1115-6. PubMed ID: 7574964.
    Abstract:
    Pericardial constriction associated with the placement of intrapericardial defibrillator patches is a rare occurrence that is reported only one tenth as often in defibrillator patients as in patients undergoing other types of cardiac operations. Although this discrepancy may be attributable to a lower incidence of constriction with the defibrillator patch electrode procedure, it may also indicate a failure to recognize that progressive right heart failure and signs of low cardiac output that could be due to pericardial constriction and not progressive systolic dysfunction. Because surgical removal of the patches and decortication of the epicardial surface is the only effective therapy, it is important to recognize this uncommon, but profoundly debilitating entity.
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