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  • Title: Influence of site of inoculation of inactivated vaccines of the immune response in chickens.
    Author: Mutalib A, Boyle CR.
    Journal: Avian Dis; 1994; 38(4):857-60. PubMed ID: 7702520.
    Abstract:
    Commercial caged laying chickens were primed with live Newcastle disease/infectious bronchitis (ND/IB) combined vaccines by spray method at 2, 5, and 9 weeks of age. At 16 weeks of age, birds were inoculated with inactivated ND/1B combined vaccines either intramuscularly, in the breast, wing, or thigh, or subcutaneously, at the back of the neck. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum antibodies to ND virus and IB virus in experimental chickens before injection and every 8 weeks postinjection until 48 weeks of age. The subcutaneous or wing muscle routes of injection resulted in higher antibody titers to NDV through 16 weeks postinjection; however, variations in antibody titers existed among the groups owing to vaccine priming before injection and therefore were not considered important. No differences were found in antibody titers to IB virus among the various groups because of site of injection. Granulomatous lesions were encountered most frequently in birds inoculated in the wing muscle.
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