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  • Title: Vasectomy and vasectomy reversal.
    Author: Goldstein M.
    Journal: Curr Ther Endocrinol Metab; 1994; 5():333-41. PubMed ID: 7704749.
    Abstract:
    Annually, approximately 500,000 American men undergo vasectomy as their form of birth control. At least 15 million men have thus far undergone the procedure. Considerable data now exists regarding the long-term effects of vasectomy in animals and humans. Marked interspecies differences do, however, make much of the evidence difficult to interpret. Case-controlled long-term studies of large numbers of men have nonetheless failed to detect any significant adverse consequences. The opening section of this paper on the medical indications for vasectomy is followed by discussion of vasectomy for permanent contraception in sections on conventional vasectomy, no-scalpel vasectomy, percutaneous vasectomy, open-ended vasectomy, short-term complications, time to achieve azoospermia, and vasectomy failure. The paper continues with discussion of the local effects of vasectomy upon the male reproductive tract in terms of sperm granuloma, the testes, rete testis and epididymis, the vas deferens, and seminal vesicles and the prostate. Long-term systemic consequences of vasectomy, vasectomy and genitourinary cancer, and vasectomy reversal are subsequently considered.
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