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  • Title: Effect of implicit and explicit "rule" presentation on bound-morpheme generalization in specific language impairment.
    Author: Swisher L, Restrepo MA, Plante E, Lowell S.
    Journal: J Speech Hear Res; 1995 Feb; 38(1):168-73. PubMed ID: 7731206.
    Abstract:
    This study addressed whether generalization of a trained bound morpheme to untrained vocabulary stems differs between children with specific language impairment (SLI) and children with normal language (NL) under two controlled instructional conditions. Twenty-five children with NL and 25 children with SLI matched for age served as subjects. Contrasts between affixed and unaffixed words highlighted the affixation "rule" in the "implicit-rule" condition. The "rule" was verbalized by the trainer in the "explicit-rule" condition. Bimodal generalization results occurred in both subject groups, indicating that generalization was not incremental. Chi-square analyses suggested that the SLI group generalized the bound morpheme less often than the NL group under the explicit-rule training condition. The findings add to those that indicate children with SLI have a unique language-learning style, and suggest that the explicit presentation of metalinguistic information during training may be detrimental to bound-morpheme generalization by preschool-age children with SLI.
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