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  • Title: Severe major organ involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Diagnosis and management.
    Author: Fessler BJ, Boumpas DT.
    Journal: Rheum Dis Clin North Am; 1995 Feb; 21(1):81-98. PubMed ID: 7732176.
    Abstract:
    Deterioration in the function of major organs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus may be due to causes directly related to the disease itself or to non-lupus related causes. In patients with rapidly progressive immune-mediated disease, therapy may be initiated with pulse glucocorticoids alone or in combination with pulse cyclophosphamide. For selected patients with aggressive life-threatening disease or patients refractory to treatment, experimental therapies such as plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin may be used as adjuncts in their management.
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