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  • Title: [Peruvian corn of high protein quality. Digestibility and use in malnourished children].
    Author: Morales E, Graham GG.
    Journal: Arch Latinoam Nutr; 1993 Jun; 43(2):176-83. PubMed ID: 7826192.
    Abstract:
    Quality protein maize (QPM), developed in Mexico, combines high content of the two essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan, with such desirable characteristics of common maize as resistance to pests and high yield. The Peruvian version of QPM, cultivated at Tarapota, was used in a dietary study of six boys aged 13.5-27 months who were recovering from malnutrition. Each child received three different diets for seven days each and served as his own control. One diet was based on QPM, one on common maize, and one on casein. Stool and urine samples were collected to determine the protein quality and digestibility of the diets, using the metabolic balance methodology. The three diets all provided 6.4% of the calories as protein, 10% as fat, and 83.6% as carbohydrate, with addition of vitamins and minerals to satisfy the dietary recommendations of the Food and Nutrition Board of the US National Research Council. The QPM provided 67% of the calories in its diet, with 14.1 mg of tryptophan and 51.7 of lysine per 100 calories. The common maize, with its high protein content, provided 62% of the calories, with 12.5 mg of tryptophan and 36.5 of lysine per 100 calories. The QPM was found to have a better quality of protein, with greater nitrogen retention. Although nitrogen retention of 29% with QPM exceeded the 20% of common maize, both were exceeded by the 39% of the casein diet. The biological value of the QPM was 39 +or- 7%, compared to 24 +or- 11% for the common maize and 50 +or- 8% for the casein. There were no differences in absorption of energy and carbohydrates between the two maizes. Because of its better protein quality, QPM may be utilized with the addition of small quantities of fat to prevent malnutrition and as a weaning food for children in regions heavily dependent on maize.
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