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  • Title: Prenatal sonographic findings in trisomy 13, 18, 21 and 22. A review of 46 cases.
    Author: Seoud MA, Alley DC, Smith DL, Levy DL.
    Journal: J Reprod Med; 1994 Oct; 39(10):781-7. PubMed ID: 7837124.
    Abstract:
    A study of 46 patients with trisomic fetuses was performed to determine if there are one or more second-trimester ultrasonic findings predictive of aneuploidy. Videotapes of ultrasonography performed prior to amniocentesis on the 46 fetuses with autosomal trisomy and from a control group of 50 chromosomally normal fetuses were reviewed without knowledge of the karyotype. Fetuses with autosomal trisomies had short long bones, especially femurs, as well as high biparietal diameter/femur length ratios. In addition, a nuchal thickness of > 5 mm, abnormal heart anatomy, slight pyelectasis, increased bowel echogenicity and/or abnormal flexion of the hands were all predictive of autosomal trisomies.
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