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  • Title: Molecular subtypes of env sequences around V3 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Taiwan.
    Author: Chang KS, Lin CI, Ling P, Lin KH, Lin HC, Twu SJ.
    Journal: Eur J Epidemiol; 1994 Jun; 10(3):247-50. PubMed ID: 7859833.
    Abstract:
    Samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected during 1990-91 from seropositive healthy, male HIV-1 carriers visiting Taipei Venereal Disease Control Center, and a male AIDS patient admitted to a general hospital. The V3 and its flanking nucleotide (nt) sequences in their DNA were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and compared with those of known HIV-1 prototypes. The nt sequences obtained from 21 individuals (e.g., TW92) clustered as Group A, which were highly homologous (95.6-99.5%) to that of HXB2 virus while those from 6 individuals (TW90, TW91, TW97, TW99, TW102 and TW104) were classified as Group B showing low similarities (73.2-84.2%) to those of HXB2 and moderate similarities (80.7-90.0%) to those of SC and Bangkok (BK) viruses. By comparison of their deduced amino acid sequences with those of consensus sequences for subtypes A-F as defined by Myers et al. (1993), both Groups A and B viruses (except TW102) together with those of HXB2, SC and BK viruses could be identified as members or variants of subtype B, and the TW102 virus as a member of subtype E viruses. Individuals with the Group A viruses included 4 homosexual and 17 heterosexual Taiwanese males, 2 of the latter having a history of i.v. drug abuse. Among individuals with Group B viruses, those with TW97, TW99, TW104 and TW91, who was an AIDS patient, were heterosexual Taiwanese males, whereas both TW90 and TW102 viruses were from individuals who were overseas heterosexual Chinese from Thailand, the former with a history of i.v. drug abuse and the latter without. During 1990-1991 in Taipei, Taiwan, health workers took peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy HIV-1 infected males at the Taipei Venereal Disease Control Center and from a male AIDS patient at a general hospital. Researchers used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine the env sequences around the V3 loop of HIV-1 which is critical for binding of neutralizing antibody to HIV-1 and to compare the sequences with those of known HIV-1 prototypes. They also wanted to see whether the env sequences were the North American subtype (HXB2). The nt sequences from 21 men (TW92) clustered as Group A and were very homologous (95.6-99.5%) to that of HXB2 virus. Those from the remaining six men were grouped together as Group B and were not like HXB2 virus (73.2-84.2%). The nt sequences from these six men were TW90, TW91, TW97, TW99, TW102, and TW104. They were most closely related to SC and Bangkok (BK) viruses (85.7% and 78.1%, respectively). When the researchers compared the deduced amino acid sequences with those of sequences for subtypes A-F (as defined by Myers et al.) both group A and B viruses (except TW102) and HXB2, SC, and BK were similar to subtype B (71.6-95.3% homologous). The TW102 virus was a member of subtype E viruses (95.3% homologous). The group A viruses belonged to four homosexual and 17 heterosexual Taiwanese, two of the 17 had a history of IV drug use. The group B viruses belonged to four heterosexual Taiwanese, one of whom had AIDS, and two overseas heterosexual Chinese from Thailand, one of whom had a history of IV drug use. These findings demonstrate the need for rapid, efficient methods (e.g., PCR technology) to monitor the incidence and prevalence of different HIV-1 variants so scientists can select vaccines for effective anti-HIV immunity in different geographic regions.
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