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  • Title: Klippel-Feil anomaly combined with fetal alcohol syndrome.
    Author: Schilgen M, Loeser H.
    Journal: Eur Spine J; 1994; 3(5):289-90. PubMed ID: 7866854.
    Abstract:
    Alcohol is the most frequent and most important teratogenic noxa for the embryo and fetus. It may lead to deformation of all cells and organs. A case of Klippel-Feil anomaly associated with fetal alcohol syndrome is described. The diagnosis of Klippel-Feil anomaly, even a late diagnosis made on the basis of rare deformities, is very important as the affected patients are at a high risk of alcoholism. The combination of Klippel-Feil anomaly with numerous other syndromes and deformities suggests a basic general disorder of skeletal maturation. Diverse cases of Klippel-Feil anomaly possibly originate, in reality, in an unrecognized fetal alcohol syndrome.
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