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  • Title: Determination of xanthines by high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography in horse urine after ingestion of Guaraná powder.
    Author: Salvadori MC, Rieser EM, Ribeiro Neto LM, Nascimento ES.
    Journal: Analyst; 1994 Dec; 119(12):2701-3. PubMed ID: 7879880.
    Abstract:
    The seeds of Guaraná are rich in xanthines and are used for the preparation of guaraná powder which is very commonly given to horses as a 'tonic' in Brazil. In this paper, the xanthine content of guaraná powder was determined, in addition to its clearance time in horses. Thin-layer chromatography was used as a screening procedure and high-performance liquid chromatography was performed to quantify the drugs in both the powder and urine samples. The guaraná powder was found to contain 2.16, 1.10 and 36.78 mg g-1 of theobromine (TB), theophylline (TP) and caffeine (CF), respectively, and in urine it was possible to detect TB and TP up to 13 d and CF up to 9 d after the administration of guaraná powder.
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