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  • Title: Ampicillin-sulbactam versus cefoxitin for prophylaxis in high-risk patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
    Author: Paladino JA, Rainstein MA, Serrianne DJ, Przylucki JE, Welage LS, Collura ML, Schentag JJ.
    Journal: Pharmacotherapy; 1994; 14(6):734-9. PubMed ID: 7885978.
    Abstract:
    This double-blind study compared ampicillin-sulbactam 3 g versus cefoxitin 2 g in 136 adult patients at risk for developing an infection after abdominal surgery. Separate randomization schedules were used for colorectal, upper gastrointestinal/biliary, and other abdominal procedures. Study antibiotics were administered within 30 minutes before incision and repeated 6 hours later. Patients having colorectal surgery received a third dose of antibiotic 6 hours after the second. Efficacy evaluations were made on 123 patients, 62 in the ampicillin-sulbactam group and 61 in the cefoxitin group. The overall postoperative infection rates were 12.9% for ampicillin-sulbactam and 9.8% for cefoxitin (p > 0.05); one wound infection occurred in each group. Adverse events were experienced by 13.2% of the ampicillin-sulbactam and 19.1% of the cefoxitin recipients (p > 0.05). Cost-minimization analysis revealed that ampicillin-sulbactam was a cost-effective alternative to cefoxitin for the prevention of infection after abdominal surgery.
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