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  • Title: Activation of a neurofilament kinase, a tau kinase, and a tau phosphatase by decreased ATP levels in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC-12 cells.
    Author: Bush ML, Miyashiro JS, Ingram VM.
    Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A; 1995 Mar 14; 92(6):1861-5. PubMed ID: 7892192.
    Abstract:
    Brain pathology in Alzheimer disease and in aged controls shows hyperphosphorylation of tau and of neurofilament proteins. Roder and Ingram [Roder, H.M. & Ingram, V.M. (1991) J. Neurosci. 11, 3325-3343 and Roder, H.M., Eden, P.A. & Ingram, V.M. (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 193, 639-647] previously reported that the brain protein kinase PK40erk can hyperphosphorylate both tau and neurofilaments and interestingly, is strongly inhibited by ATP uncomplexed with Mg2+. We now report that the mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoro-methoxyphenylhydrazone decreases ATP levels in rat pheochromacytoma (PC-12) cells differentiated with nerve growth factor and activates a neurofilament kinase, a tau kinase, and, unexpectedly, a tau phosphatase--either PP1 or PP2A. Such aberrant modulation of protein phosphorylation patterns could be the common biochemical basis for senile dementia and for Alzheimer disease and could explain the late-onset etiology of both conditions.
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