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  • Title: Activin signalling and response to a morphogen gradient.
    Author: Gurdon JB, Harger P, Mitchell A, Lemaire P.
    Journal: Nature; 1994 Oct 06; 371(6497):487-92. PubMed ID: 7935761.
    Abstract:
    Using combinations of amphibian embryo tissues, it is shown that the selection of genes expressed by a cell is determined by its distance from a source of activin, a peptide growth factor contained in vegetal cells and able to induce other cells to form mesoderm. This long-range signal spreads over at least 10 cell diameters in a few hours. It does so by passive diffusion, because it can by-pass cells that do not themselves respond to the signal nor synthesize protein. These results provide direct support for the operation of a morphogen concentration gradient in vertebrate development.
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