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  • Title: Production of interleukin-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by murine iris and ciliary body explants.
    Author: Knisely TL, Grabbe S, Nazareno R, Granstein RD.
    Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci; 1994 Nov; 35(12):4015-22. PubMed ID: 7960583.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To examine the ability of murine iris-ciliary body explants to produce cytokines with proinflammatory activities. METHODS: Supernatants derived from murine iris-ciliary body (I-CB) tissue explants cultured (four per well in 1 ml medium) in the presence of indomethacin were analyzed for the production of IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha/beta (TNF alpha/beta) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Analysis was performed by thymocyte costimulation, growth factor-dependent cell proliferation, TGF-beta-sensitive mink lung epithelial cell proliferation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). RESULTS: Supernatants from I-CB explants cultured in vitro for 24 hours contained significant thymocyte costimulatory activity. This activity was fully neutralized by a combination of antisera to IL-1 and IL-6, and ELISA analysis confirmed that IL-6 was a significant component of the supernatant (402.7 pg/ml). TNF alpha/beta were also found in low concentrations (approximately 2.0 U/ml) by ELISA analysis, whereas IL-2 and IL-4 were not detectable. Significant amounts of GM-CSF (15.8 U/ml), but no IL-3, were detected. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that normal I-CB tissue contains cells capable of producing IL-6, GM-CSF, and IL-1. Because of the proinflammatory nature of IL-6 and IL-1, and the ability of GM-CSF, IL-1, and IL-6 to enhance functional capabilities of antigen presenting cells, regulation of the production of these cytokines may contribute significantly to the maintenance of the immunologic status of this regional site.
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