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  • Title: A phase of liposomes with entangled tubular vesicles.
    Author: Chiruvolu S, Warriner HE, Naranjo E, Idziak SH, Rädler JO, Plano RJ, Zasadzinski JA, Safinya CR.
    Journal: Science; 1994 Nov 18; 266(5188):1222-5. PubMed ID: 7973704.
    Abstract:
    An equilibrium phase belonging to the family of bilayer liposomes in ternary mixtures of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), water, and geraniol (a biological alcohol derived from oil-soluble vitamins that acts as a cosurfactant) has been identified. Electron and optical microscopy reveal the phase, labeled Ltv, to be composed of highly entangled tubular vesicles. In situ x-ray diffraction confirms that the tubule walls are multilamellar with the lipids in the chain-melted state. Macroscopic observations show that the Ltv phase coexists with the well-known L4 phase of spherical vesicles and a bulk L alpha phase. However, the defining characteristic of the Ltv phase is the Weissenberg rod climbing effect under shear, which results from its polymer-like entangled microstructure.
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