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  • Title: Isolation of herpes simplex virus from sexually transmitted disease patients in Ibadan, Nigeria.
    Author: Oni AA, Adu FD, Ekweozor CC.
    Journal: Sex Transm Dis; 1994; 21(4):187-90. PubMed ID: 7974067.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the public health importance of herpes simplex virus infection in Nigeria, attempts have not been made to isolate and identify the virus. GOAL OF THE STUDY: To isolate, identify, and type the virus from patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Ibadan, Nigeria. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred fifty-three clinical samples from 116 patients were taken and inoculated into tissue culture for virus isolation. The isolates were identified and typed using chloroform sensitivity test, histocytological study, Complement Fixation Test (CFT), and indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). RESULT: Virus was isolated from seven of the 153 samples. Two of the seven were HSV-1, and five were HSV-2. CONCLUSION: This is the first documented isolation of the herpes simplex virus in Nigeria. The study has provided baseline data for future studies on genital herpes in Nigeria. These results may have interesting implications with respect of HIV transmission and other related sexually transmitted diseases in Nigeria. In Nigeria, the sexually transmitted disease clinic staff at the hospital of the University of Ibadan collected 153 urethral, vaginal, and endocervical samples from 116 patients between November, 1991, and November, 1992, so researchers could isolate, identify, and type the herpes simplex virus (HSV). They used the complete fixation test and the indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique to confirm HSV. The patients also had genital herpes (31.6%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae urethritis (15.8%), nonspecific urethritis (15.8%), candidiasis (21%), genital warts (10.5%), and trichomoniasis (1%). No one had syphilis. The laboratory staff isolated HSV from only 7 samples (4.6% of all samples). All 7 isolates were from males (genital ulcer and urethral samples). Five of the isolates were HSV-2 and 2 were HSV-1. This study was the first documented isolation of HSV in Nigeria. These findings provide baseline data on genital herpes for projected studies. Further research should examine the significance of these findings for other areas, particularly HIV transmission and immunocompromised patients.
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