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  • Title: Skim milk progesterone in pregnant cows from insemination throughout lactation.
    Author: Eissa HM, Nachreiner RF, Refsal KR.
    Journal: Vet Res Commun; 1994; 18(2):149-54. PubMed ID: 7975200.
    Abstract:
    The skim milk progesterone profile was assessed by radioimmunoassay, without extraction, from the day of insemination (day 0) until the cows were dried off on day 225 of gestation. A total of 418 samples were collected from 154 pregnant Holstein cows. The daily variation in skim milk progesterone was recorded from day 1 until day 45 of pregnancy to detect the commencement of progesterone secretion from the corpus luteum after insemination. Subsequent determinations were made every 2 weeks from day 46 until lactation ceased. On the day of artificial insemination and for the first 2 days after insemination, all the cows had a basal progesterone concentration < 0.1 ng/ml. A rise in progesterone (0.2 +/- 0.1 ng/ml) was first detected on the third day after insemination. The progesterone values then increased significantly (p < 0.001) until day 15. The values then remained nearly constant (2.5-3.5 ng/ml) until day 106 of pregnancy, when they began to decline. Between days 120 and 180 of gestation, progesterone was significantly decreased (2.2-2.9 ng/ml) before it rose again to the previous plateau (3.5-3.9 ng/ml) around day 180. The progesterone concentration then remained at the higher level until the animals were dried off.
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