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  • Title: [HAIR-AN syndrome].
    Author: Kadowaki H, Kadowaki T.
    Journal: Nihon Rinsho; 1994 Oct; 52(10):2648-52. PubMed ID: 7983793.
    Abstract:
    Many clinical observations have suggested that there is a strong relationship between hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism. HAIR-AN syndrome is defined as a constellation of hyperandrogenism (HA), insulin resistance (IR), and acanthosis nigricans (AN). Two major mechanisms could account for this syndrome: (i) hyperinsulinemia induced by insulin resistance causes hyperandrogenism, and (ii) hyperandrogenism causes insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Acanthosis nigricans is considered to be an epiphenomenon caused by hyperinsulinemia. The causes of HAIR-AN syndrome include syndromes of extreme insulin resistance due to mutations in the insulin receptor gene, lipoatrophic diabetes, obesity, some endocrinopathies, and genetic and acquired ovarian hyperandrogenism.
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