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  • Title: [The treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy refractory to medical treatment by DDD pacing].
    Author: Tascón J, Albarrán A, Pérez-Carasa MA, Andreu J, Rodríguez J, Coma R, Cosío FG.
    Journal: Rev Esp Cardiol; 1994 May; 47(5):294-302. PubMed ID: 8016438.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: In spite of medical treatment, 10% of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy remain symptomatic, needing surgical treatment. Recent evidence suggests that sequential atrio-ventricular pacing may improve the hemodynamic and clinical situation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 10 patients with hypertropic obstructive cardiomyopathy (6 women), aged 37-76 years (X = 62 +/- 12) with dyspnea and/or angina, in functional class IV (7) or III (3) of the New York Heart Association. Hemodynamic study was performed basaly and during atrio-ventricular pacing with atrio-ventricular intervals ranging from 75% of basal PR to 50 ms. A DDD pacemaker was implanted in 9 cases, the remainder was treated surgically. RESULTS: The pressure gradient was reduced from 105 +/- 32 to 40 +/- 35 mmHg (p < 0.001); end-diastolic left ventricular pressure fell from 22 +/- 4 to 13 +/- 8 mmHg (p < 0.01), systolic aortic pressure rose from 107 +/- 24 to 125 +/- 13 mmHg (p < 0.05) and cardiac output increased from 3.6 +/- 1.1 to 4.1 +/- 0.81/m (p < 0.05). Mitral insufficiency decreased in 5 of 6 cases, notably in 2 improving from 4+ to 1+. After 1-20 months (X = 10 +/- 6) the 9 patients treated with a permanent DDD pacemaker are in functional class I (7 cases) or II (2 cases). CONCLUSIONS: Atrio-ventricular pacing hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy reduces the systolic gradient and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure with an increase in cardiac output and aortic pressure and improves mitral insufficiency. Short-mid term follow up shows sustained clinical improvement. Optimal atrio-ventricular interval should be individualized.
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