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  • Title: [Trichobilharzia franki n. sp.--the cause of swimmer's dermatitis in southwest German dredged lakes].
    Author: Müller V, Kimmig P.
    Journal: Appl Parasitol; 1994 Feb; 35(1):12-31. PubMed ID: 8173581.
    Abstract:
    Ocellate furcocercariae from the lymnaeid snail Radix auricularia have been identified as causative agents of swimmer's itch, which has become increasingly common in the 'Tunisee' near Freiburg. On an average 11.0%, maximally 25.0%, of the snails were parasitized with these trematode larvae. The Trichobilharzia parasitizing rate in the intermediate hosts found here was thus approximately 10-100 times higher than the Trichobilharzia prevalence described so far. Dwarf mallards (Anas platyrhynchos, blood red) were experimentally infected with Trichobilharzia cercariae from the 'Tunisee'. From the 13th day p.i. miracidia could be found in their faeces by means of the hatching method. The trematode eggs had the shape of an elongated spindle, with a pointed and a rounded end. The sexually differentiated adult worms were localized only in the hepatic and enteric veins. They had an average length of 4.0 mm (3.2-4.6 mm) and a width of 125 microns. Their tegument was strongly folded and had tegumental spines in the oral and ventral suckers, in males in addition along the canalis gynaecophorus. The most striking internal organ was the gut filled with hematin and separated in 2 caeca at its anterior end. Its form and localisation as well as those of the sexual organs were important criteria for the differentiation of the different Trichobilharzia species. The Trichobilharzia species found in the 'Tunisee' clearly differed from Trichobilharzia szidati both morphologically and physiologically. The latter has been considered, until now, to be the main causative agent of swimmer's itch in Germany. Moreover, the adult trematodes from the 'Tunisee' could not be associated with any other species of this genus. We propose therefore the name Trichobilharzia franki n. sp. for the species from the Tunisee.
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