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  • Title: [Optimization of external respiration in patients during surgery with different types of anesthesia using transcutaneous electric stimulation of the diaphragm].
    Author: Klimov AG, Levshankov AI.
    Journal: Anesteziol Reanimatol; 1993; (4):3-7. PubMed ID: 8239023.
    Abstract:
    Inadequate function of respiratory muscles, of the diaphragm among other ones, is responsible, together with other causes, for acute respiratory insufficiency. Transcutaneous electric stimulation of the diaphragm by ESD-2P and ESD-2N-NC devices was used under conditions of intravenous, epidural lidocaine anesthesia, epidural lidocaine+phentanyl, and combined anesthesia in 82 patients during surgery and in 49 patients in the immediate postoperative period. Transcutaneous electric stimulation of the diaphragm essentially improved ventilation volume and regularity, as well as pulmonary gas exchange, particularly so in marked disorders occurring during surgery under intravenous anesthesia.
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