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  • Title: Gender influences counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia.
    Author: Diamond MP, Jones T, Caprio S, Hallarman L, Diamond MC, Addabbo M, Tamborlane WV, Sherwin RS.
    Journal: Metabolism; 1993 Dec; 42(12):1568-72. PubMed ID: 8246771.
    Abstract:
    It has been generally assumed that counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia are not influenced by gender. To test this assumption, we analyzed three separate hypoglycemic insulin clamp studies in age-matched, healthy, non-obese females (n = 33) and males (n = 37). In one study (12 females, 17 males), plasma glucose level was rapidly decreased to about 57 mg/dL for 100 minutes with a 0.65-mU/kg/min insulin infusion. Despite an identical decrease in glucose level, the increase in epinephrine (361 +/- 64 v 188 +/- 38 pg/mL, P < .05), norepinephrine (132 +/- 28 v 47 +/- 19 pg/mL, P < .01), and growth hormone ([GH] 16.0 +/- 3.8 v 4.9 +/- 1.9 ng/mL, P < .05) levels, but not glucagon or cortisol levels, were significantly greater in males than in females, respectively. In the second study (10 females, eight males), a 5.0-mU/kg/min insulin infusion was used to decrease glucose levels to 55 mg/dL for 180 minutes. Epinephrine (P < .05) and GH (P < .01) responses were greater in males than in females. In a third study (11 females, 12 males), plasma glucose level was gradually decreased to about 50 mg/dL over 240 minutes. Again epinephrine (P < .01), norepinephrine (P < .01), GH (P < .05), and cortisol (P < .01) responses were nearly twofold greater in males (P < .01). Multivariate analysis of all 70 subjects identified gender as the most significant factor contributing to the epinephrine (P < .001) and norepinephrine (P < .005) responses, and also as a significant contributor to the GH response (P < .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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