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  • Title: Changes in body composition of malnourished children after dietary supplementation as measured by bioelectrical impedance.
    Author: Kabir I, Malek MA, Rahman MM, Khaled MA, Mahalanabis D.
    Journal: Am J Clin Nutr; 1994 Jan; 59(1):5-9. PubMed ID: 8279402.
    Abstract:
    Body composition was measured with bioelectrical impedance in 35 malnourished children aged 24-59 mo to investigate the effect of a 3-wk feeding supplementation. Twenty children received a high-protein diet with 15% of total energy as protein, whereas 15 children received an isoenergetic standard-protein diet with 7.5% of energy as protein. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometry were done before and after 21 d of dietary supplementation. The children fed the high-protein diet gained significantly more body weight than those receiving the standard-protein diet (1.33 +/- 0.54 vs 0.88 +/- 0.47 kg, P < 0.02). The total body water and fat-free mass determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis showed that the group fed the high-protein diet increased significantly more (0.92 vs 0.58 kg) than those on the standard-protein diet (P < 0.02). Results of this study suggest that feeding a high-protein diet accelerates catch-up growth and restores the reference body composition in children recovering from malnutrition. It is recommended that 25-30% more energy and twice the amount of dietary protein required for healthy children be given to children during the period of convalescence following diarrheal disease to achieve rapid catch-up growth. The authors test in this study whether rapid weight gain and repletion of reference body composition occur with a high-protein-based refeeding diet. Body composition was measured with bioelectrical impedance in 35 malnourished children aged 24-59 months for a period of 21 days. During that period, 20 subjects were fed a high-protein diet consisting of 15% total energy as protein, while 15 received an isoenergetic standard-protein diet of 7.5% protein energy. Impedance analysis and anthropometry were performed before and after the three-week feeding supplementation. Children fed the high-protein diet gained significantly more body weight, total body water, and fat-free mass. The results suggest that being fed a high-protein diet accelerates catch-up growth and restores the reference body composition in children recovering from malnutrition.
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