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  • Title: [The hemodynamics and anatomy of the circle of Willis. The technic and clinical value of selective MR angiography].
    Author: Fürst G, Sitzer M, Fischer H, Hofer M, Steinmetz H, Aulich A, Kahn T, Mödder U.
    Journal: Rofo; 1993 Dec; 159(6):499-505. PubMed ID: 8298107.
    Abstract:
    This study evaluates the usefulness of MR angiography in analysing the individual collateral flow dynamics and anatomy of the circle of Willis in 56 patients with high-grade extracranial carotid stenosis or occlusion. Selective MRA of the carotid or vertebrobasilar area was performed by means of presaturation up to the brain-supplying arteries at the level of the middle neck (angled presaturation slabs). Results obtained with selective and non-selective MRA in 56 consecutive patients were compared with the findings at transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and arterial angiography. Ischaemic cerebral infarctions were classified by computerized tomography and correlated with the results of collateral flow analysis: Sensitivity of selective MRA in detecting intracranial collateral flow via anterior or posterior communicating artery was 96 and 97%, respectively; sensitivity in depicting extracranial transorbital flow was lower (71%). Non-selective MRA was 100% sensitive in detecting a non-filling of the horizontal (A1) segment of the anterior cerebral artery and in identifying an origin of the posterior cerebral artery from the intracranial carotid artery. Slow flow infarctions occurred more frequently in patients with transorbital and posterior-to-anterior collateral flow than in patients with collateral flow via anterior communicating artery.
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