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  • Title: Rapid non-genomic actions of progesterone stimulate Ca2+ influx and the acrosome reaction in human sperm.
    Author: Blackmore PF.
    Journal: Cell Signal; 1993 Sep; 5(5):531-8. PubMed ID: 8312130.
    Abstract:
    This review summarizes some recent findings in human sperm which show that progesterone and 17 alpha hydroxyprogesterone are able rapidly (within seconds) to elevate [Ca2+]i and elicit the acrosome reaction (AR) via a non-genomic cell surface receptor. Progesterone promotes a transient elevation in [Ca2+]i which is blocked by extracellular La3+ and Ni2+ and removal of extracellular Ca2+ following chelation with EGTA. Some studies suggest that polyamines, trypsin-like proteases, and progesterone receptor aggregation are involved in progesterone-induced Ca2+ influx and AR. The receptor is not stimulated by the potent synthetic progestigins (e.g. promegestone, norethynodrel, megestrol acetate, cyproterone acetate) and is weakly antagonized by the genomic anti-progestins RU 486 and ZK 98.299. The sedative-hypnotic 3 alpha hydroxyl A-ring reduced pregnane steroids, which are powerful activators of the GABAA Cl- channel, are weak activators of Ca2+ influx and the AR. These data suggest that human sperm have a cell surface steroid receptor which is unlike the genomic progesterone receptor and the GABAA Cl- channel steroid receptor.
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