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  • Title: [The current aspects of seroepidemiological research in combined foci of leishmaniasis].
    Author: Goncharov DB, Saf'ianova VM, Gracheva LI.
    Journal: Med Parazitol (Mosk); 1993; (1):39-42. PubMed ID: 8336651.
    Abstract:
    The authors analyze the results of C-ELISA, used in screening of the population in combined foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis in two types of landscapes in Turkmenistan. In the deltas, on the plains [correction of planes] and oases, where the incidence of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is very high, 1.6% of the examinees were found to have antibody to L. major. The antibodies in this condition are detectable only during the acute stage of the disease and persist for just a few months after convalescence. The share of the positive sera with antibody to L. donovani sensu lato was the minimal (0.48%) in the population of the alluvial plain [correction of plane] at the Kopet-Dag hills, the highest share (4%) of the population with such antibodies lived in the sandy deserts in the interfluvial areas of southern-eastern Turkmenistan. The authors have validated the criteria for the assessment of the endemicity level of leishmaniasis foci with due consideration for various incidence rates of visceral and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniases and the specific features of the immune response in these nosologic forms. They suggest that a positive serologic response be considered as the basic criterion of a visceral leishmaniasis focus, and the disease incidence and the number of subjects who had had this disease in the focus--the basic criterion for the assessment of a zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus endemicity.
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