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  • Title: Early changes of body composition in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: tetrapolar body impedance analysis indicates significant malnutrition.
    Author: Ott M, Lembcke B, Fischer H, Jäger R, Polat H, Geier H, Rech M, Staszeswki S, Helm EB, Caspary WF.
    Journal: Am J Clin Nutr; 1993 Jan; 57(1):15-9. PubMed ID: 8416658.
    Abstract:
    Total body water, body fat, body cell mass (BCM), extracellular mass (ECM), and the ECM-BCM ratio by impedance analysis were determined in 193 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and 340 control subjects. Walter Reed (WR) classification was WR 2 in 26, WR 3-5 in 85, and WR 6 in 82 patients. Whereas resistance was increased, reactance and the phase angle were significantly reduced in all patient groups. Neither body weight nor body mass index (BMI) was affected in WR 2 patients, but BCM was reduced (31.9 +/- 4.3 vs 35.8 +/- 7.3 kg, P < 0.007) and ECM (31.2 +/- 4.4 vs 28.8 +/- 3.8 kg) as well as ECM-BCM ratio increased (0.99 +/- 0.14 vs 0.83 +/- 0.16, P < 0.001). In contrast to WR classification, diarrhea did not correspond with malnutrition. A loss of BCM (malnutrition) occurred already in otherwise symptomless HIV-infected patients (WR 2). This effect can be measured by tetrapolar impedence analysis but not by body weight or BMI.
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