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  • Title: Bladder neck closure with continent augmentation or suprapubic catheter in patients with neurogenic bladders.
    Author: Chao R, Mayo ME, Bejany DE, Bavendam T.
    Journal: J Am Paraplegia Soc; 1993 Jan; 16(1):18-22. PubMed ID: 8426180.
    Abstract:
    Twenty-four patients, with various combinations of non-healing decubitus ulcers, urethral fistulae, incontinence, and penile skin breakdown were candidates for proximal urinary diversion, having failed intermittent, external, and indwelling catheterization combined with pharmacologic therapy. Seventeen patients underwent bladder neck closure, including seven with multiple sclerosis and ten with spinal cord injury, and because they were unable or unwilling to do catheterization, had their urine diverted by suprapubic catheter. Seven patients, including four with spinal cord injury, underwent bladder neck closure and continent augmentation with formation of a catheterizable cutaneous stoma on the anterior abdominal wall, using right colon and right colon/ileum configurations. When ureteral reflux and obstruction are absent, the patient's bladder was used which spared the added risk of ureteral implantation and possible ureteral stricture while increasing total bladder capacity. In a select group of patients with intractable incontinence, perineal and penile skin breakdown, or urethral fistulae, bladder neck closure and urinary diversion by suprapubic catheter or continent augmentation has proven to be a reliable and effective alternative to an ileal conduit.
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