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  • Title: The nosology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
    Author: August GJ, Garfinkel BD.
    Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry; 1993 Jan; 32(1):155-65. PubMed ID: 8428868.
    Abstract:
    This study examined five central issues regarding the classification of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in an epidemiologically derived sample of primary school children. A monothetic schema (DSM-III) differed from a polythetic-only schema (DSM-III-R) by having a higher frequency of comorbid conduct disorder. A pervasive model was too restrictive, identifying only the most severe disruptive or conduct disordered children. Raising the minimum threshold above eight symptoms (DSM-III-R) missed less disruptive children who nevertheless exhibit significant functional impairment. There was minimal support for the independence of a syndrome of attention deficit disorder without hyperactivity (DSM-III). Finally, ADHD patients commonly have other diagnoses, most frequently conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and anxiety disorder.
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