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  • Title: Association of hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus infections in Tanzanian population groups.
    Author: Shao JF, Haukenes G, Yangi E, Vollset SE.
    Journal: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis; 1993 Jan; 12(1):62-4. PubMed ID: 8462566.
    Abstract:
    A study was performed to determine whether there is a correlation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in population groups in the Dar es Salaam area in Tanzania where HBV infection is endemic. A panel of 460 sera from army recruits, health personnel and pregnant women was tested. In the whole group seromarkers of HBV infection were found in 61.9% of 134 HIV positive subjects versus 51.5% of 326 seronegative subjects, a difference which was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In the group of pregnant women, however, 66.7% of 120 HIV positive subjects had markers of HBV infection versus 49.0% of the 157 HIV seronegative subjects (p < 0.01). This shows that a considerable proportion of young females are also exposed to HBV at the time they acquire HIV infection. In Tanzania between June and September 1989, health workers collected 460 blood samples from army recruits, health personnel, and pregnant women from the Dar es Salaam area to determine whether an association exists between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and HIV-1 infection since these viruses share similar transmission routes. The HIV seropositivity rate for all groups combined was 57.8% and the HBV seropositivity rate was 29.1%. For all groups combined, 61.9% of HIV seropositive subjects tested positive for HBV compared with 51.5% for HIV seronegative subjects, but the difference was not significant (p .05). On the other hand, HIV seropositive pregnant women were more likely to have the presence of HBV markers than were HIV seronegative pregnant women (66.7% vs. 49%; p .01). The researchers could not conduct separate statistical analyses of army recruits and health personnel because the number of HIV seropositive individuals was too small. These findings suggested that young girls and women may have acquired HBV through heterosexual intercourse also leading to HIV transmission.
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