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  • Title: [Primary hyperoxaluria].
    Author: Toussaint C, De Pauw L.
    Journal: Nephrologie; 1995; 16(6):399-406. PubMed ID: 8524446.
    Abstract:
    Primary hyperoxalurias are inborn errors of metabolism with recessive autosomal transmission. Type 1 is due to the deficiency of the hepatic-specific peroxisomal enzyme alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase, and type 2 to that of the glyoxylate reductase/D-glycerate dehydrogenase, present in the cytosol of hepatocytes and leucocytes. Type 3 is due to increased intestinal absorption of oxalate of unknown pathophysiology. In the 3 types, increased oxalate load may lead to systemic oxalosis when glomerular filtration rate decreases below 30 ml/min/1.73 m2, calcium oxalate saturation occurring in plasma when oxalate level approximates 50 mumol/l. High fluid intake and long-term co-administration of pyridoxine and orthophosphate could perhaps efficiently prevent renal failure in a majority of patients. However, combined liver-kidney transplantation presently constitutes the most adequate therapy of end-stage renal failure in type 1 and perhaps in type 2 hyperoxaluria.
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