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  • Title: The different flow pattern in tracheal stenosis, bronchospasm and emphysema.
    Author: Kummer F, Mlczoch J.
    Journal: Respiration; 1977; 34(1):45-9. PubMed ID: 854655.
    Abstract:
    We can conclude that the combination of high FEV2/1 index and a "peak-flow-less" flow-volume loop is characteristic for the presence of proximal airway stenosis and is a reliable means for differentiation against bronchospasm and emphysema. In comparison, the measurement of airway resistance, FEV1 alone, inspiratory shift of mid-breathing level etc., indicate only the presence of airway obstruction, but fail to give specific information for functional differentiation of bronchial obstruction and morphological evidence of proximal airway stenosis.
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