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  • Title: A population-based study of xerophthalmia in the extreme North Province of Cameroon, West Africa.
    Author: Wilson MR, Mansour M, Atud AE, Casey R, Fobi G, Moukouri E, Alemayehu W, Martone JF, Ross-Degnan D.
    Journal: Arch Ophthalmol; 1996 Apr; 114(4):464-8. PubMed ID: 8602786.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To obtain cross-sectional data on clinical and nutritional vitamin A deficiency from which to design appropriate intervention strategies. DESIGN: A population-based survey using multistage, cluster sampling. SETTING: Extreme North Province of Cameroon, West Africa. PARTICIPANTS: Children aged 0 to 5 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical signs of active xerophthalmia and dietary vitamin A intake. RESULTS: Of 5352 children examined, signs of active xerophthalmia were noted in 0.62%. Bitot's spots, corneal xerosis, and corneal ulceration were noted in 0.47%, 0.06%, and 0.12% of the subjects, respectively. Children with xerophthalmia had lower vitamin A intake scores when compared with age-matched controls and with a 20% systematic subsample of children. CONCLUSION: Xerophthalmia is a major public health problem in this region.
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