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  • Title: Formation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid from 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol by primary cultures of human hepatocytes.
    Author: Sauter G, Fischer S, Pahernik S, Koebe HG, Paumgartner G.
    Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta; 1996 Mar 29; 1300(1):25-9. PubMed ID: 8608157.
    Abstract:
    It has been suggested that chenodeoxycholic acid is preferentially formed by the alternative or 'acidic' pathway of bile acid biosynthesis starting with 27-hydroxylation of cholesterol, while cholic acid is derived from 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol which initiates the 'neutral' pathway. We have studied bile acid formation from each of these precursors using human hepatocytes cultured in a novel sandwich collagen configuration. Culture supernatants were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 27-Hydroxycholesterol and 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol were both found to be efficiently converted to cholic acid as well as chenodeoxycholic acid. Analysis of acidic intermediates after addition of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol to the cultures revealed a significant increase of side-chain oxygenated C24- and C27-steroids with a 3-oxo-7 alpha-hydroxy-delta 4-ring structure. These data indicate that (i) the 'neutral' pathway is connected to the 'acidic' pathway by side-chain oxidation of C27-steroids with a 3-oxo-7 alpha-hydroxy-delta 4-ring structure and that (ii) the relative formation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid is regulated by metabolic events distal to the initial hydroxylation at either position 7 or position 27 of the cholesterol molecule.
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