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  • Title: Traumatic bilateral carotid-cavernous fistulas treated with detachable balloon. A case report.
    Author: Kim JK, Seo JJ, Kim YH, Kang HK, Lee JH.
    Journal: Acta Radiol; 1996 Jan; 37(1):46-8. PubMed ID: 8611323.
    Abstract:
    A 29-year-old male developed ptosis and progressive pulsating protrusion of the right eye, accompanied by conjunctival injection and tinnitus following a bicycle accident. MR angiography revealed dilation of both superior ophthalmic veins and facial veins. Right internal carotid angiography demonstrated right carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) at the C3 portion of the right internal carotid artery with abnormal venous drainage. After right carotid balloon occlusion test had been performed, a detachable balloon was introduced into the right CCF while preserving the lumen of the right internal carotid artery. A left CCF, which was detected after closure of the right CCF, was also closed with a detachable balloon. Follow-up carotid angiographies showed complete closure of both CCFs and no abnormal venous drainage. After 1 year no abnormal physical manifestations, or abnormal neurologic signs or symptoms were present.
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