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  • Title: Early changes of body composition in asymptomatic celiac disease patients.
    Author: Mazure RM, Vazquez H, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Soifer G, Cataldi M, Mauriño E, Niveloni S, Siccadi AM, Flores D, Pedreira S, Boerr L, Bai JC.
    Journal: Am J Gastroenterol; 1996 Apr; 91(4):726-30. PubMed ID: 8677938.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/AIM: This is a study of patients with asymptomatic celiac disease. The aims of this study were: 1) To evaluate the nutritional status of asymptomatic patients with newly diagnosed celiac disease, and 2) to compare these findings with those of untreated/symptomatic and treated patients. MATERIAL: We examined 41 patients with celiac disease divided into three groups: a) 8 asymptomatic (diagnosed in a study of first-degree relatives of probands), b) 20 untreated/symptomatic patients, and c) 13 treated patients. Nutrition of patients from groups A and B was assessed at the time of diagnosis. METHODS: Nutritional status was evaluated by: 1) body composition (fat and lean mass) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and 2) anthropometric measurements. RESULTS: Compared with sex and age matched controls (n = 153), asymptomatic patients presented a moderate but significant reduction of the fat compartment (-29%; p < 0.001), but not of the lean-tissue mass (p = NS). Untreated/symptomatic patients showed a more severe depletion of fat (-46%; p < 0.001) and lean mass (-9.0%; p < 0.05) compared with healthy controls. Although fat mass of treated patients was significantly reduced with respect to controls (-24%; p < 0.003), lean mass was not affected. The anthropometric measurements of fat showed a significant correlation with the evaluation by DEXA (multiple regression analysis r = 0.918). CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic patients in our study with an unequivocal diagnosis of celiac disease established by mucosal biopsy exhibited a modified body composition.
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