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  • Title: Augmentation of endotoxin-induced pulmonary responses by mononuclear cell phagocytosis in the reticuloendothelial system.
    Author: Ishizaka A, Hasegawa N, Sayama K, Urano T, Nakamura H, Sakamaki F, Soejima K, Waki Y, Tasaka S, Nakamura M, Matsubara H, Kanazawa M.
    Journal: Crit Care Med; 1996 Jun; 24(6):1034-40. PubMed ID: 8681570.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the effects of intravenous injection of latex particles would demonstrate the contribution of phagocytosis by mononuclear phagocytes to the development of Escherichia coli-induced acute lung injury in neutropenic guinea pigs. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled, experimental study. Intravenously injected the latex particles into 41 guinea pigs to investigate the contribution of the phagocytosis in acute lung injury. SUBJECTS: Forty-one guinea pigs. INTERVENTIONS: Forty-one guinea pigs were divided into five experimental groups: a saline group (n=9); an endotoxin group (n=10) receiving 2 mg/kg of intravenous E. coli endotoxin; a latex group (n=7) receiving 2 x 10(9)/kg of intravenous polystyrene latex (mean diameter 3.19 micrometers); an endotoxin + latex group (n=8); and an E. coli group (n=7) receiving 2 x 10(9) live E. coli/kg. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The lung wet/dry ratio was increased in the live E. coli-treated guinea pigs (6.71 +/- 0.16 [SEM], p < .01) as compared with the saline control (5.40 +/- 0.16, whereas the ratio was not increased in the endotoxin (5.52 +/- 0.14) or latex (5.58 +/- 0.20) groups. However, the lung wet/dry ratio was greater in the endotoxin + latex group (6.11 +/- 0.16, p < .05) than in the saline control. The 125I albumin lung tissue/plasma ratio was greater in the E. coli (2.00 +/- 0.29, p < .01) and endotoxin + latex (0.84 +/- 0.12, p < .05) groups than in the saline group (0.18 +/- 0.07), whereas no increases were observed in the endotoxin group (0.22 +/- 0.10) and the latex (0.34 +/- 0.13) group. More than 40% of the injected radiolabeled latex was observed to have accumulated in the reticuloendothelial system (liver and spleen), in both the saline control (40.1 +/- 2.3%, n=4) and endotoxin (57.3 +/- 6.8%, n=5) groups, with 2.6 +/- 1.5% and 3.1 +/- 1.7% in the lungs for the saline control and the endotoxin groups, respectively. The percent deposition of radiolabeled latex in the liver was greater in the endotoxin group (51.7 +/- 3.8%, p < .05) than in the saline group (37.6 +/- 5.9%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, in neutropenic guinea pigs: a) the combination of endotoxin and latex particles induces acute lung injury; and b) the phagocytic properties of mononuclear phagocytes in the reticuloendothelial system augment endotoxin-induced pulmonary responses and may play a role in the development of live E. coli-induced acute lung injury.
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