These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: Estimation of adult HIV prevalence as of the end of 1994 in India.
    Author: Anthony B, Mertens TE, Lal S.
    Journal: Indian J Public Health; 1995; 39(3):79-85. PubMed ID: 8690496.
    Abstract:
    It is estimated that as of the end of 1994 approximately 1,750,000 adults were infected with HIV in India. This estimate is based upon a review of data provided by the National AIDS Control Organization. The methods to reach such estimate are succinctly reviewed and a series of scenarios presented. During 1985-95, in India, 17,830 blood samples out of 2,460,075 samples screened for HIV antibodies tested and were confirmed positive for HIV for a seropositivity rate of 7.25/1000. Using this rate, the estimated number of HIV positive adults in all of India as of the end of 1994 was 3,254,685. Another way to estimate the number of HIV infected adults in India is determining the number of such adults in each state and adding them. Seropositivity rates were available from states with 99.2% of the adult population. This method yields an estimated 2,524,628 HIV infected adults as of the end of 1994. Another method assumes that testing has been confined to urban areas and that most HIV infections occur in these areas. This method yields 914,708 HIV infected adults. A modification of this method uses the urban population of each state and the state specific seropositivity rate to obtain a national estimate. It finds the 1994 estimate of HIV infected adults to be 839,693. A state specific urban estimate added to a state specific rural estimate yields a weighted state specific estimate. Assuming a rural estimate of 10% of the state specific estimate, all the weighted state specific estimates add up to 1,008,186 HIV infected adults as of the end of 1994. Since a 10-year prevalence estimate leads to an underestimate of current prevalence and the unrepresentative nature of HIV testing tends to produce an artificially high estimate when applied to the whole population, researchers used preliminary data from the March 1994 round of sentinel surveillance to obtain an estimate of the HIV infected adults. They assumed a 1% HIV seroprevalence rate for both pregnant women and sexually transmitted disease clients combined and a 0.1% rate for the adult rural population . They then estimated the number to be 1,583,000 adult HIV infections (1,260,000 urban infections + 323,000 rural infections). They then added HIV infected sex workers and injecting drug users to achieve a national estimate of 1,758,000 infected adults.
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]