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  • Title: Anti-HIV and anti-HBV activity and resistance profile of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC) and its arylphosphoramidate derivative CF 1109.
    Author: Balzarini J, Wedgwood O, Kruining J, Pelemans H, Heijtink R, De Clercq E, McGuigan C.
    Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 1996 Aug 14; 225(2):363-9. PubMed ID: 8753770.
    Abstract:
    A novel membrane-soluble prodrug of the 5'-monophosphate derivative of 3TC containing a phenyl group and the methyl ester of L-alanine linked to the phosphorus through a phosphoramidate bond with the primary amino moiety (designated Cf 1109) was prepared. The 3TC prodrug proved less potent an inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication in CEM cell cultures than 3TC, but lost only 20-fold antiviral potency in 2'-deoxycytidine kinase-deficient CEM/dCK- cells compared with a more than 2,000-fold decrease of activity of 3TC. In contrast, 3TC and Cf 1109 proved equally highly effective in inhibiting HBV release in supernatants of HBV-transfected Hep G2 2.2.15 cell cultures (50% effective concentration approximately 0.02 microM). Both compounds easily selected for highly resistant HIV-1 strains at a comparable speed of breakthrough. The mutant viruses contained an 184-Ile and/or 184-Val amino acid change in their reverse transcriptase. Our data are suggestive for a relatively poor delivery of 3TC-MP in the intact CEM cells but a remarkably high delivery of 3TC and/or 3TC-MP in the intact Hep G2 2.2.15 cells.
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