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  • Title: Effects of subliminal symbiotic stimuli on anxiety reduction.
    Author: Malik R, Krasney MS, Aldworth B, Ladd HW.
    Journal: Percept Mot Skills; 1996 Jun; 82(3 Pt 1):771-84. PubMed ID: 8774013.
    Abstract:
    The present study assessed the effectiveness of subliminal psychodynamic stimuli in reducing anxiety. 50 male and 50 female college students were tachistoscopically exposed to one of five stimuli: MOMMY AND I ARE ONE, DADDY AND I ARE ONE, I AM HAPPY WITH MYSELF, ONE, or a control stimulus MYMMO NAD I REA ENO. It was hypothesized that men would show a significant decrease in anxiety to the MOMMY stimulus, while women were expected to respond favorably to either the MOMMY or DADDY stimulus, or to both. Results showed that the subliminal stimuli did not produce differential effects on anxiety. This finding did not support previous claims for subliminal psychodynamic activation that the stimulation of symbiotic fantasy with the maternal figure produces positive behavioral effects. Despite this negative finding women's response to the MOMMY message was predicted by measures of self-perception.
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