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  • Title: Beta-arrestin acts as a clathrin adaptor in endocytosis of the beta2-adrenergic receptor.
    Author: Goodman OB, Krupnick JG, Santini F, Gurevich VV, Penn RB, Gagnon AW, Keen JH, Benovic JL.
    Journal: Nature; 1996 Oct 03; 383(6599):447-50. PubMed ID: 8837779.
    Abstract:
    The ability of a system to regulate its responsiveness in the presence of a continuous stimulus, often termed desensitization, has been extensively characterized for the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR). beta2AR signalling is rapidly attenuated through receptor phosphorylation and subsequent binding of the protein beta-arrestin. Ultimately the receptor undergoes internalization, and although the molecular mechanism is unclear, receptor phosphorylation and beta-arrestin binding have been implicated in this processs. Here we report that beta-arrestin and arrestin-3, but not visual arrestin, promote beta2AR internalization and bind with high affinity directly and stoichiometrically to clathrin, the major structural protein of coated pits. Moreover, beta-arrestin/arrestin chimaeras that are defective in either beta2AR or clathrin binding show a reduced ability to promote beta2AR endocytosis. Immunofluorescence microscopy of intact cells indicates an agonist-dependent colocalization of the beta2AR and beta-arrestin with clathrin. These results show that beta-arrestin functions as an adaptor in the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway, and suggest a general mechanism for regulating the trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors.
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