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  • Title: Recurrent brainstem encephalitis associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid.
    Author: Tyler KL, Tedder DG, Yamamoto LJ, Klapper JA, Ashley R, Lichtenstein KA, Levin MJ.
    Journal: Neurology; 1995 Dec; 45(12):2246-50. PubMed ID: 8848201.
    Abstract:
    A 47-year-old man had recurrent signs and symptoms of brainstem encephalitis over a 4-year period. Although CSF viral cultures were repeatedly negative, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA was detected in CSF by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HSV-1-specific antibodies were absent at the time of the first positive PCR test, but CSF seroconversion to high HSV-1-specific antibody titer subsequently occurred. CSF antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was not detectable, nor could CMV, VZV, or Epstein-Barr virus nucleic acid be detected by CSF by PCR. This is the first report of the use of CSF PCR for the rapid antemortem diagnosis of herpetic brainstem encephalitis.
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