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  • Title: Biodegradable positive fixation for the endoscopic brow lift.
    Author: Pakkanen M, Salisbury AV, Ersek RA.
    Journal: Plast Reconstr Surg; 1996 Nov; 98(6):1087-91. PubMed ID: 8911483.
    Abstract:
    Development of endoscopic techniques allows the separation and repositioning of the periosteum of the orbital rims and zygomaxilla for a brow lift without skin excision. Questions have been raised about the permanence of this repositioning without fixation. We have developed a technique using biodegradable polylactide pericranial pins that serve as fixation points to allow specific suspension of the periosteum with positive positioning until the third phase of wound healing is complete. Through two inconspicuous incisions near the midportion of the scalp, subperiosteal dissection is carried to the orbital rims and the zygomatic arch anteriorly and all the way to the base of the occiput posteriorly. This allows for contracture of the occipitalis muscle to contribute to the repositioning and lifting of the brow. Up to seven sutures are then placed through and through the pericranium of the periosteum and frontalis along the superior and lateral border of the orbital rim. These stitches of long-acting polylactide acid are secured to two pins placed in the outer table of the cranium to maintain positive fixation for more than 6 weeks. In this way precise, positive positioning is maintained until wound healing and reattachment of the structures are complete. We began these procedures in 1993; our results at 24 months are promising.
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