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  • Title: [Refractive errors and strabismus in premature infants].
    Author: Zubcov AA, Kaiser P, Subklev R, Schlösser R, Stärk N.
    Journal: Ophthalmologe; 1996 Aug; 93(4):341-4. PubMed ID: 8963128.
    Abstract:
    AIM: We aimed to investigate the incidence of refractive errors and strabismus in premature infants relative to their individual birth weight. METHODS: We investigated 107 premature infants with birth weight < 1250 g (group A, n = 54) and > 1250 g (group B, n = 53). All children were evaluated at the ages of 6 and 24 months for their spherical equivalent and the presence of high myopia (< or = 6.0 D) and strabismus. RESULTS: At 6 months the spherical equivalent was -0.93 +/- 4.2 D in group A and 1.09 +/- 1.9 D in group B, at 24 months -0.75 +/- 5.0 D vs 1.44 +/- 1.9 D (P < 0.01). At 6 months the incidence of high myopia was 10% in group A and 0% in group B, at 2 years 12% vs 2% (P < 0.01). Low birth weight and a long period of artificial ventilation correlated with the development of high myopia. At 6 months 21% of group A and 8.5% of group B showed strabismus, at 2 years 25% vs. 8.5% (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Because of the increased incidence of high myopia and strabismus we recommend routine retinoscopy and orthoptic evaluation at the age of 6 months in every child weighing less than 1250 g at birth.
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