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  • Title: [Risk factors in osteoporosis: clinical and epidemiologic evidence].
    Author: Parra-Cabrera MS, Hernández-Avila M, Tamayo Orozco JA, Fernández Ortega MC, Meneses F.
    Journal: Gac Med Mex; 1994; 130(4):231-40. PubMed ID: 8964330.
    Abstract:
    The mechanisms of bone loss involve a predominance of osteodestructive cell activity over bone repair. Age and gender are the most significant biological risk factors; perimenopausal women constitute the most susceptible population group. Hormone-related phenomena, such as pregnancies and lactational performance, as well as heredity and ethnic origin, are also associated with osteoporosis. Alcohol and caffeine have been linked with progressive bone demineralization. A reduced body mass increases the probability of fractures. Dietary factors, such as adequate intakes of calcium, phosphates, and vitamin D, exert a protective action while the effect of fluoride and dietary fiber is still controversial. A constant physical activity promotes an appropriate development and maintenance of bone mass and architecture.
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