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  • Title: Contrast media-associated nephrotoxicity.
    Author: Rudnick MR, Berns JS, Cohen RM, Goldfarb S.
    Journal: Semin Nephrol; 1997 Jan; 17(1):15-26. PubMed ID: 9000546.
    Abstract:
    Contrast media-associated nephrotoxicity (CM-AN) continues to be a common cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure. This review of CM-AN discusses the pathogenesis, clinical features, incidence, risk factors with an emphasis on pre-existing renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus, volume of contrast media, low osmolar versus high osmolar contrast media, and prophylaxis. Although the literature contains an abundance of information concerning CM-AN, areas of uncertainty remain in respect to clinical significance, risk with modem day radiological techniques and contrast media, optimal prophylactic regimens, and criteria for creatinine screening before contrast media administration.
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