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  • Title: [Renin plasma profile and sodium sensitivity of blood pressure in hypertensive patients with or without a family history of hypertension].
    Author: Wiecek A, Kokot F, Adamczak M, Spiechowicz U, Cieplok J, Czerwieńska B, Ramos P.
    Journal: Pol Arch Med Wewn; 1996 Nov; 96(5):451-7. PubMed ID: 9091855.
    Abstract:
    The relationship between sodium-sensitive hypertension, renin profile and genetic predisposition to hypertension have not been fully clarified. The present study aimed to establish the influence of family history of hypertension (at least one of the parents suffering from hypertension) on the renin profile, incidence of sodium-sensitivity of blood pressure and plasma concentration of selected biochemical parameters (creatinine, uric acid, glucose, sodium, potassium, calcium and cholesterol). 85 patients with essential hypertension (38 females, 47 males) were enrolled in the study. Secondary forms of hypertension were excluded in all patients by careful clinical and biochemical examination performed in the Department of Nephrology, Silesian University School of Medicine in Katowice. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was estimated twice: first after administration of a normal sodium diet (100-120 mmol of sodium per day) and 8 hours of supine position (PRA I) and a second time after 3 days of sodium restriction (10-20 mmol of sodium per day) and 3 hours of upright position (PRA II). All other biochemical parameters were measured once. Only patients with urinary sodium excretion lower than 60 mmol per day (after 3 days of low salt diet), were enrolled in the study. Sodium-sensitive hypertension was diagnosed in patients with a decrease of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of more or equal to 10 mm Hg after three days of sodium restriction. Reduction of MAP of less than 10 mm Hg was classified as sodium-nonsensitive hypertension. Among 85 patients with essential hypertension 49 (57.6%) had a positive (group I) while 36 (42.4%) a negative family history of hypertension (group II). Using the criteria presented in this study low, normal, high and rigid plasma renin activity were found, in 14.3%, 57.1%, 18.4% and 10.2% respectively of patients of group I. In patients of group II the incidence of the above mentioned renin profiles was similar: 13.9%, 58.3%, 19.4% and 8.4% respectively. In patients of group I 16 (32.7%) had sodium-sensitive and 33 (67.3%) sodium-nonsensitive hypertension, while in patients of group II 16 (44.4%) had sodium-sensitive and 20 (55.6%) sodium-nonsensitive hypertension (difference between group I and group II is statistically not significant). Patients of group I did not differ significantly from patients of group II with respect to : sex, age, blood pressure, sodium urinary excretion and plasma concentration of above mentioned parameters. From results obtained in this study we may conclude, that patients with and without history of essential hypertension do not differ with respect to renin plasma profile, incidence of sodium-sensitivity of blood pressure and other biochemical parameters.
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